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Dieppe is a small town that overlooks this one-mile strip of shingle beach. For Operation Jubilee, this area of the beach was given the code name ‘Red Beach’. It was the task of Canadian forces to storm the beach and secure the town and port area.
Operation Jubilee was undertaken predominantly by the Canadian 2nd Infantry Division. The main objective was to hold the port of Dieppe to search for secret intelligence and technology before withdrawing after around eight hours.
The German defences around ‘Red Beach’ consisted of two rows of bard wire on the beach along the promenade wall,around 1.8metres high. Numerous defensive positions for rifle and machine guns were positioned around the promenade off the beach. A captured French tank turret had been built into the defences of the harbour wall, as capable of firing directly along the beach. There were numerous artillery batteries supported by nearby mortar.
The task of securing ‘Red Beach’ was allocated to the Essex Scottish Regiment. 553 soldiers landed on the beach and advanced towards their allocated objectives, capturing positions in the town and port area. They were due to land at sunrise to surprise German forces and prevent observation of approaching naval craft from the sea.
With support of naval firepower and smokescreens, the Essex Scottish Regiment made their approach to the beach, landing at 05:23. This was nearly 30 minutes late, with no element of surprise. Crew stated that as they approached the beach fire was coming in at them from all angles.
For the infantry and engineers on the beach there was no armoured support as they tried to cross around 91 metres of open shingle towards the seawall. The barbed wire needed to be cut for them to advance, but intense German fire began to cause mass casualties. By 05:45, between 30 to 40% of the Essex Scottish had been killed on the beach. By 06:30, casualties (killed or wounded) were at 75%.
Only a small number of infantry managed to clear the beach and cross the esplanade. They reached the buildings on the far side and reported back. The report of ‘men off the beach’ was misinterpreted by command out at sea on HMS Calpe,resulting in reserve units being sent towards the beach in the belief large numbers had advanced. Many more casualties were casued due to this communication failure.
Around 10:30 the Essex Scottish Regiment had practically run out of ammunition and evacuation was attempted around 11:00. The evacuation was immensely challenging due to fire from active German defences.
By end of day, only 51 men returned to the UK from the 553 that embarked. 121 men were killed or died of wounds; 382 men were captured as prisoners of war,122 of these wounded.
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Bd Marechal Foch